transliteration كتابة اللغة القبطية بدلالات صوتية

 

Coptic/Latin Transliteration 2021

الدلالات الصوتية للغة القبطية

مكتوبة بالحروف اللاتينية (الإنجليزية)

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Writing the Coptic Language in Latin letters is sometimes needed, i.e. a Coptic-Latin transliteration is needed.

I had suggested a transliteration in my book Ehyaa` allughah alqebtiyyah إحياء اللغة القبطية “Revival of the Coptic Language”, but I suggest now another transliteration depending on using captital Latin letters to express some Coptic letters, together with the small Latin letters expressing the other letters.

I suggest the following transliteration for the Coptic alphabet:

a b g  d  e  6  z  E  T  i  k  l  m  n  x  o  p  r  s  t  u  P  c ps  O  S f  K  h  j C ti    

ⲁ ⲃ  ⲅ ⲇ  ⲉ  ⲋ ⲍ  ⲏ  ⲑ  ⲓ  ⲕ ⲗ  ⲙ ⲛ  ⲝ  ⲟ  ⲡ ⲣ ⲥ  ⲧ ⲩ  ⲫ  ⲭ  ⲯ  ⲱ ϣ   ϥ  ϧ  ϩ ϫ ϭ ϯ 

···   

A small superlinear /h/ can be added to the suggested letter to add information about its origin or pronunciation, thus: S^h in addition to S, to transliterate ϣ, and K^h in addition to K, to transliterate ϧ. 

And we use   /ou/ for omicron followed by upsilon /ⲟⲩ/ , if they express a vowel حرف واو متحرك

And /w/ for omicron followed by upsilon /ⲟⲩ/  if they express a semivowel.حرف واو ساكن

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The idea depends on the fact that  there are several Coptic letters which have no suitable Latin letter to express. So we use some Capital Latin letters  to express some Coptic letters which have no suitable  Latin letter to express. Some of these Coptic letters are:

/ ⲏ  ⲑ   ⲫ  ⲭ  ⲱ  ϣ  ϧ  ϭ / in addition to ⲟⲩ & the numeral 6.

We will use the following Latin letters (mostly capital) to express them.

E     T     P    c    O     S    K    C    (The transliteratⲓon)

 ⲏ    ⲑ     ⲫ    ⲭ     ⲱ    ϣ    ϧ    ϭ    (The Coptic letters).

Also we use   /Y/  or /y/ for vowel upsilon  ⲩ  in words of Greek origin,

& we use /u/  for consonant upsilon ⲩ ( i.e. semivowel ⲩ ) in words of Greek origin

 and we use  /y/ or /i/  for the semivowel yota.

Upsilon has 2 powers: /w/ (after vowels) & /i/ (mostly between consonants in Greek words) so we use 2 Latin transliteration letters to express :

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For the Upsilon which is pronounced as /w/ (after vowels) we transliterate it as /u/ & pronounce it as English /w/.

For the Upsilon which is pronounced as /i/ (mostly between consonants in Greek words) we transliterate it as /y/ or /y`/  & pronounce it as English /i/.

We use   /F/  for  ⲫ in words of Greek origin, for it developed thus in modern Greek.

(ⲫ has 2 powers: /P/ in Coptic words & /F/ in Greek words: so we use 2 Latin letters to express.}

& we use  6 for  ⲋ .

/ ⲫ / Developed to in Coptic to /p/ and in Greek to /f/.

Phi in words of Greek origin will be represented by /F/.

Phi in words of Coptic origin will be represented by /P/.

The jinkim is sometimes added to help beginners in pronunciation.

A capital  /A/ represents a long /A/ in loan words borrowed from other languages.

e.g. kamAl   =  كمال

The first /a/ is short, i.e.  فتحة  The second /A/is long, i.e. ألف .

A capital  /J/ represents  /j / in loan words borrowed from other languages.

e.g.   JEms  =  James  ( English)     

Dr. Kamal Farid Ishaq

August14, 2021.

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الدلالات الصوتية للنطق الأول للحروف القبطية

Coptic/Latin transliteration

Of the first pronunciation of the Coptic Letters

a b  g  d  e  6  z  E  T  i  k  l  m  n  x  o  p  r  s  t  u  P/F  c  ps  O  S  f  K  h  j  C  ti   

ⲁ ⲃ  ⲅ ⲇ  ⲉ  ⲋ ⲍ  ⲏ  ⲑ  ⲓ  ⲕ ⲗ  ⲙ ⲛ  ⲝ  ⲟ  ⲡ ⲣ  ⲥ  ⲧ ⲩ  ⲫ     ⲭ  ⲯ  ⲱ ϣ ϥ  ϧ  ϩ ϫ ϭ ϯ

مع ملاحظة ما سبق ذكره عن استخدام الحروف الكبيرة استخداما خاصا، مثل الهاء التي سقطت فيما بعد أو مثل حرف خاي الذي يعبر عن الخاء، وحرف تشيما الذي يعبر عن ت+ش.

Putting in mind what has been mentioned about using capital letters for a special usage, as indicating the /h/ sound which disappeared later, or as the letter ϧ (kh) & the letter chima ϭ (ch).

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الصلاة الربانية (أبانا الذي في السموات)

ونصوص أخرى من اللغة القبطية

مكتوبة بالدلالات الصوتية اللاتينية

Latin transliteration

Of Coptic Alhphabet

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K^hen Pran `mPyOt nem  `pS^hEri nem pipneuma eTwab

ounouti nwOt amEn

ariten nempS^ha njos K^hen ouS^hep`hmot je

penyOt etK^hen niPEwi mareftoubo `nje pekran mares`i

`nje tekmetouro petehnak marefS<sup>h</sup>Opi mPrEti K<sup>h</sup>en  <sup>`</sup>tPe

nem hijen pikahi. penOyk `nte rasti mEyf nan mPow.

woh ca nE eteron nan ebol mPrEti hOn ntencO ebol

nnEete won ntan erOw. woh mperenten eK^houn

epirasmos  alla nahmen ebolha pipet`hOw. K^hen

picristos yEsous penC^hois. je TOk te timetouro nem

tijom nem piOw S^ha eneh amEn.

N.B. Later one can drop the superlinear /h/, after one gets aquainted with this transliteration.

.فيما بعد يمكن إلغاء حرف الهاء المكتوب فوق السطر بعد أن نتعود على هذه الدلالات الصوتية.

  

 

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Coptic/Latin transliteration

Of the first pronunciation of the Coptic Letters

a b  g  d  e  6  z  E  T  i  k  l  m  n  x  o  p  r  s  t  u  P/F  c  ps  O  S  f  K  h  j  C  ti   

ⲁ ⲃ  ⲅ ⲇ  ⲉ  ⲋ ⲍ  ⲏ  ⲑ  ⲓ  ⲕ ⲗ  ⲙ ⲛ  ⲝ  ⲟ  ⲡ ⲣ  ⲥ  ⲧ ⲩ  ⲫ     ⲭ  ⲯ  ⲱ ϣ ϥ  ϧ  ϩ ϫ ϭ ϯ

مع ملاحظة ما سبق ذكره عن استخدام الحروف الكبيرة استخداما خاصا، مثل الهاء التي سقطت فيما بعد أو مثل حرف خاي الذي يعبر عن الخاء، وحرف تشيما الذي يعبر عن ت+ش.

Putting in mind what has been mentioned about using capital letters for a special usage, as the /h/ sound which disappeared later, or as the letter ϧ (kh) & the letter chima ϭ (ch).

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الصلاة الربانية (أبانا الذي في السموات)

ونصوص أخرى من اللغة القبطية

مكتوبة بالدلالات الصوتية اللاتينية

Latin transliteration

Of Coptic Alhphabet

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Ϧⲉⲛ ⲫⲣⲁⲛ ⲙⲫⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲡⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ

K^hen Pran `mPyOt nem  `pS^hEri nem pipneuma eTwab

 ⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲁⲙⲏⲛ

ounouti nwOt amEn

ⲁⲣⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲙⲡϣⲁ ⲛϫⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϣⲉⲡϩⲙⲟⲧ ϫⲉ

ariten nempS^ha njos K^hen ouS^hep`hmot je

ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲉⲧϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲫⲏⲟⲩⲓ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲧⲟⲩⲃⲟ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲓ

penyOt etK^hen niPEwi mareftoubo nje pekran mares`i

ⲛϫⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲉⲧⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲡⲉⲧⲉϩⲛⲁⲕ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲫⲉ

`nje tekmetouro petehnak marefS<sup>h</sup>Opi mPrEti K<sup>h</sup>en  <sup>`</sup>tPe

ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ . ⲡⲉⲛⲱⲓⲕ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲣⲁⲥϯ ⲙⲏⲓϥ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲙⲫⲟⲟⲩ.

nem hijen pikahi. penOyk `nte rasti mEyf nan mPow.

ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲭⲁ ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲉⲣⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ϩⲱⲛ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ

woh ca nE eteron nan ebol mPrEti hOn ntencO ebol

ⲛⲛⲏⲉⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲧⲁⲛ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲉⲛⲧⲉⲛ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ

nnEete won ntan erOw. woh mperenten eK^houn

ⲉⲡⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲁϩⲙⲉⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ⲡⲓⲡⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ . ϧⲉⲛ

epirasmos  alla nahmen ebolha pipet`hOw. K^hen

ⲡⲓⲭⲣⲓⲥⲧⲟⲭ Ⲓⲏⲥⲟⲩⲥ ⲡⲉⲛϭⲟⲓⲥ ϫⲉ ⲑⲱⲕ ⲧⲉ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛⲉⲙ

picristos yEsous penC^hoisje TOk te timetouro nem

ϯϫⲟⲙ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲱⲟⲩ ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲁⲙⲏⲛ.

tijom nem piOw S^ha eneh amEn.

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The text in Coptic:  النص باللغة القبطية

Ϧⲉⲛ ⲫⲣⲁⲛ ⲙⲫⲓⲱⲧ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲓ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲡⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁ ⲉⲑⲟⲩⲁⲃ

ⲟⲩⲛⲟⲩϯ ⲛⲟⲩⲱⲧ ⲁⲙⲏⲛ

ⲁⲣⲓⲧⲉⲛ ⲛⲉⲙⲡϣⲁ ⲛϫⲟⲥ ϧⲉⲛ ⲟⲩϣⲉⲡϩⲙⲟⲧ ϫⲉ

ⲡⲉⲛⲓⲱⲧ ⲉⲧϧⲉⲛ ⲛⲓⲫⲏⲟⲩⲓ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥⲧⲟⲩⲃⲟ ⲛϫⲉ ⲡⲉⲕⲣⲁⲛ ⲙⲁⲣⲉⲥⲓ ⲛϫⲉ ⲧⲉⲕⲙⲉⲧⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲡⲉⲧⲉϩⲛⲁⲕ ⲙⲁⲣⲉϥϣⲱⲡⲓ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ϧⲉⲛ ⲧⲫⲉ ⲛⲉⲙ ϩⲓϫⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲕⲁϩⲓ . ⲡⲉⲛⲱⲓⲕ ⲛⲧⲉ ⲣⲁⲥϯ ⲙⲏⲓϥ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲙⲫⲟⲟⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲭⲁ ⲛⲏⲉⲧⲉⲣⲟⲛ ⲛⲁⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲙⲫⲣⲏϯ ϩⲱⲛ ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲭⲱ ⲉⲃⲟⲗ ⲛⲛⲏⲉⲧⲉ ⲟⲩⲟⲛ ⲛⲧⲁⲛ ⲉⲣⲱⲟⲩ. ⲟⲩⲟϩ ⲙⲡⲉⲣⲉⲛⲧⲉⲛ ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ ⲉⲡⲓⲣⲁⲥⲙⲟⲥ ⲁⲗⲗⲁ ⲛⲁϩⲙⲉⲛ ⲉⲃⲟⲗϩⲁ ⲡⲓⲡⲉⲧϩⲱⲟⲩ . ϧⲉⲛ ⲡⲓⲭⲣⲓⲥⲧⲟⲭ Ⲓⲏⲥⲟⲩⲥ ⲡⲉⲛϭⲟⲓⲥ ϫⲉ ⲑⲱⲕ ⲧⲉ ϯⲙⲉⲧⲟⲩⲣⲟ ⲛⲉⲙ ϯϫⲟⲙ ⲛⲉⲙ ⲡⲓⲱⲟⲩ ϣⲁ ⲉⲛⲉϩ ⲁⲙⲏⲛ.

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ⲇⲟⲝⲁ ⲡⲁⲧⲣⲓ ⲕⲉ ⲩⲓⲱ ⲕⲉ ⲁⲅⲓⲱ ⲡⲛⲉⲩⲙⲁⲧⲓ.

doxa patri ke y`yO ke agyO pneumati.

ⲕⲉ ⲛⲩⲛ ⲕⲉ ⲁ̈ⲓ̈ ⲕⲉ ⲓⲥ ⲧⲟⲩⲥ ⲉⲱⲛⲁⲥ ⲧⲱⲛ ⲉⲱⲛⲱⲛ ⲁⲙⲏⲛ

ke nyn ke  a`i`  ke is tous eOnas tOn eOnOn amEn.

د. كمال فريد إسحق